T1International team members and other advocates for affordable insulin participate in a campaign outside the Eli Lilly headquarters, where much of the US insulin supply is made, in Indianapolis, IN on Monday, October 24, 2022. T1I, is a non-profit advocacy organization founded by Elizabeth Pfiester who has had Type 1 diabetes since she was a child. Pfiester and her team, people with and impacted by type 1 diabetes, are working to achieve affordable insulin prices for all, no matter where a patient lives. © Photo by Erin Lubin

Taking on Monopoly Power


Three companies, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi, control more than 90% (opens in a new tab) of the global insulin market.

They set prices, fund research, and use their influence to block competition and shape health policy in their favor.

In the United States, pharmacy benefit managers and other middlemen negotiate rebates and pricing deals that are mostly hidden from the public, making it nearly impossible for patients, advocates, or regulators to know what is actually driving costs.

The result is a world where 1 in 4 people with diabetes ration their insulin because they cannot afford it.

Pharmaceutical money flows into academic institutions, and global health bodies, creating conflicts of interest that make it harder to challenge the status quo.

T1International accepts no funding from pharmaceutical companies or device manufacturers, which means we can say what others cannot and push for the structural change that patients actually need.

We urged the World Health Organization to reject pharmaceutical industry funding just as it already rejects tobacco and formula industry funds, and we call on all organizations working in diabetes to declare their conflicts of interest.

We work to break up the monopoly power that keeps insulin unaffordable: through public pharmaceutical manufacturing, patent reform, and direct pressure on the companies driving this crisis.

How we take them on

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